From November 21 to 22, the Yangtze River Delta Pilot Free Trade Zone Institutional Innovation Forum was held in Nanjing. At the forum, heads of relevant departments of the pilot free trade zones in three provinces and one city, experts and scholars exchanged the results and ideas of system innovation in the pilot free trade zones from multiple perspectives.
Create a first-class business environment and stimulate market vitality
As the first pilot free trade zone in China, Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone has actively explored the construction of business environment.
"Relying on the World Bank's business environment assessment indicators, the new port area has innovatively established 18 characteristic business environment indicator systems, and entrusted a third-party agency to carry out the assessment. The results show that the overall business environment of the new port area has entered the first echelon in the world, with indicators such as the establishment of enterprises and the handling of construction permits approaching full marks." Zhang Nan, deputy director of the system innovation and risk prevention department of the new port area of Shanghai Free Trade Zone, introduced, "We have innovatively put forward the concept of integrated reform of the decentralization, management and service system. We want to build the new area near the port into a leading area for the reform of the decentralization, management and service with the most streamlined approval, the most accurate supervision and the most efficient service in China. We have comprehensively reduced the level of approval. At present, 90% of the administrative approval items have been reduced from the original three and four levels to less than two levels. Over the past three years, the newly registered enterprises in the new area near the port have increased by 54.5% year on year."
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Three Year Action Plan for the Construction of an International First class Business Environment in the Yangtze River Delta, which proposed that "by 2025, the resources in the Yangtze River Delta will flow in an orderly and free manner, administrative barriers will be gradually eliminated, and a unified and open market system will be basically established". Wu Jing'an, Deputy Director of the Urban Economic Research Center of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences and an expert on business environment of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the Plan has given the Yangtze River Delta five development dividends, namely, the dividend of national guidance and promotion, the dividend of international development, the dividend of free flow of factors, the dividend of reducing system costs, and the dividend of mutual recognition of rules and standards. The Yangtze River Delta Pilot Free Trade Zone should take the lead in creating a first-class business environment, so that more market participants can truly feel the environmental optimization and enjoy the dividends of reform.
Yang Chao, Deputy Director of the Management Committee of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone, believes that the Yangtze River Delta Pilot Free Trade Zone has a high level of export-oriented economic development, and the regional industrial chain and supply chain are connected and interdependent. It is necessary to take the lead in strengthening coordination and linkage, focus on key industries and future frontier areas, and provide the best environment and fastest channel for the factor flow, resource allocation, and technical talents of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain to the greatest extent, Take the lead in creating the "best gravitational field" linking the international and domestic markets with a first-class business environment.
Promote institutional opening to international economic and trade rules of elevation standards
One of the important connotations of institutional openness is to promote deep integration into globalization and participate in international competition in the process of learning rules and participating in rule making. The international economic and trade rules for elevation standards have promoted institutional opening, and the respective trade pilot zones in the Yangtze River Delta have become "pressure testing grounds".
In Jiangsu, Nanjing, Suzhou and Lianyungang, based on their respective functional positioning, have continuously deepened reform and innovation, promoted the industrial agglomeration of integrated circuit, biomedicine, high-end equipment manufacturing and other industries, formed a distinctive development pattern, and accumulated 244 institutional innovation achievements, of which 15 were replicated and promoted nationwide, 7 were filed with national ministries and commissions, and 108 were replicated and promoted in the province.
"Nanjing has accumulated more than 160 innovative institutional achievements," said Lin Qikun, deputy director of Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Management Committee. Since its inception, Nanjing has been committed to integrating with international rules. With the deepening of reform, the fields of exploration are also expanding. The innovation measures involve the transformation of government functions, investment and trade, financial innovation, business environment cultivation and other aspects.
Zhang Erzhen, a professor of Nanjing University Business School, believes that the pilot free trade zone should better enhance its "breakthrough" role in the competition of international rules, and make greater efforts to promote the institutional opening of rules, regulations, management, standards, etc. For example, based on the development requirements of specific industries, a highly free and convenient trade and investment management system will be established for cutting-edge industries such as integrated circuits, biomedicine, new energy, new materials, and high-end manufacturing. Actively strive to test the "special version" of the negative list of foreign investment and the negative list of service trade with a higher degree of openness, and basically connect with international standards, so that foreign investors have stable expectations. Explore and implement tax systems and policies with international competitiveness, such as income tax for specific industries, personal income tax for overseas high-end and scarce talents, and preferential tax policies for new forms of foreign trade such as offshore trade.
Wang Cun, the second level inspector of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Commerce, said that the international economic and trade rules for elevation standards should change with time and situation. The pilot free trade zone should give full play to the advantages of "first try", consciously assume the function of "pilot field", actively explore, and promote institutional reform and innovation.
Focus on Digital Economy and Create a "Digital Free Trade Zone"
Zhejiang is the province that first proposed the concept of "digital free trade zone". Led by the pilot free trade zone, from January to September this year, Hangzhou's core industry of digital science and technology above designated size earned 1.16 trillion yuan, accounting for 49.64% of the province's total. Ge Yibo, the director of the System Innovation Department of the Hangzhou Area Management Committee of Zhejiang Pilot Free Trade Zone, said that Hangzhou has developed digital trade throughout the link, promoted the upgrading of the new business model of digital trade, gathered more than two-thirds of the national cross-border e-commerce retail import and export platforms, and gathered more than 30 leading enterprises in the field of digital trade, including Alibaba, Amazon, Google, Lianlian and Panjie.
Yang Wei, director of the Free Trade Zone Division of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Commerce, said that with the integration and application of digital technology, the trade investment, financial services, government functions, governance environment, etc. of the pilot free trade zone have undergone profound changes. How to promote the high-quality development of the digital economy in the Yangtze River Delta with more regional characteristics, more flexible practices, more diversified models, and more diversified layouts, not only reflect the internal linkage of the region, but also serve the overall strategic positioning, jointly build the "Digital Yangtze River Delta", and release the digital dividend, are issues to be considered in the construction of the digital free trade zone.
Huang Xianhai, vice president of Zhejiang University, believes that globalization has entered the era of digital trade, and the game of digital economic and trade rules is increasingly intensified, which depends not only on the development of digital industry, institutional policies, and values, but also on public security and geopolitical factors. "China urgently needs to take positive action in its own system building and the connection of global rules, and select a free trade pilot zone with the conditions and capabilities for stress testing to carry out stress testing. only in this way can early harvest be achieved and the first trial effect of digital trade be formed."
Accelerate scientific and technological innovation to promote the transformation of the real economy
At present, Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone has explored and formed more than 100 innovation cases, 17 of which are the first in China. In particular, focusing on building a source of scientific and technological innovation with important influence, Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone took the lead in making innovative use of industrialization funds to invest in equity in enterprises to be incubated in the country, took the lead in exploring and promoting market-oriented reform of new state-owned research and development institutions, took the lead in creating a docking and publishing mechanism for technology application scenarios, broke through a number of major key technologies, and helped a number of high-tech enterprises settle in the pilot free trade zone.
As the second approved comprehensive national science center, Hefei District has accumulated rich experience in accelerating scientific and technological innovation and promoting the transformation and upgrading of the real economy. Feng Xiaobin, the director of the System Innovation Department of the Administrative Committee of Hefei Area of Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone, said that from the perspective of platform construction, Hefei was listed as the first national laboratory, with a number of industry university research integration innovation platforms and provincial and ministerial level laboratories, and it is one of the cities with the most intensive national large science facilities. "Hefei District has accelerated the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and further removed the institutional and institutional barriers that restrict the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. It is the country's first initiative to deepen the equity investment reform of industrialization funds, and 85 science and innovation enterprises have received 65 million yuan of industrialization funds, driving social capital investment of 2 billion yuan."
Xu Ziyue, the second level inspector of the Department of Commerce of Anhui Province, said that in addition to Hefei, Wuhu and Bengbu have also made certain achievements in scientific and technological innovation. Wuhu, a new research and development institution in the province, accounts for one fourth of the total, and Wuhu, with 10000 effective invention patents, has ranked first in Anhui Province for ten consecutive years. As a provincial silicon based new material industry cluster development base, Bengbu has successfully developed a batch of silicon based new materials. The silicon based new material industry has achieved continuous innovation results, leading the way on the international track.
Liu Zhiying, a professor of the School of Management of the University of Science and Technology, believes that scientific and technological innovation promotes the transformation of the real economy, which is mainly reflected in the following two aspects: the deployment of innovation chains around the industrial chain, the core of which is to emphasize the role of science and technology as a support, focus on problem orientation, solve practical problems, pay more attention to the needs of advanced industrial infrastructure and modernization of the industrial chain, and solve major technical problems in the industrial chain, Reduce the external dependence of key core links in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. The key to layout the industrial chain around the innovation chain is to highlight the leading role of science and technology, focus on effect orientation, support long-term development, pay more attention to the transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements into the real driving force of economic and social development, explore the application of high-quality scientific and technological supply of new discoveries, new technological inventions and other industrial scenarios, layout the industrial chain prospectively, and cultivate new economic growth points.
