Abstract: The main tasks and measures of the Pilot Free Trade Zone are to accelerate the transformation of government functions, expand the opening of the investment field, promote the transformation of trade development methods, deepen the opening and innovation of the financial field, and improve the system guarantee in the legal field. Over the past ten years, the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone has insisted on institutional innovation as the core, with replicability and promotion as the basic requirements, and has given full play to the role of pioneering, demonstrating and leading, and making breakthroughs.
Over the past ten years since the construction of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone, institutional innovations have been made in the aspects of government governance system, international investment management, trade liberalization and facilitation, financial sector opening and supervision, etc., and a basically mature and finalized system integration system has been established.
On the basis of ten years of development, the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone needs to design a new round of development path with a high starting point and a high goal system: first, it is necessary to accurately locate the benchmarking dimension; second, it is necessary to increase the open economy with the goal of global supply chain control Stress test; the third is to lead the construction of special economic function zones.
In September 2013, the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone was officially put into operation. Over the past ten years, the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone has adhered to institutional innovation as the core, and the basic requirements of replicability and promotion. It has given full play to the role of pioneering, leading by example, and breaking through difficulties, highlighting the role of the city's economic growth pole and engine. The new round of development of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone should accelerate the promotion of high-level institutional opening, establish a mature institutional system centered on investment and trade liberalization, and lead the construction of a special economic function zone in Pudong.
1. The construction of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone from version 1.0 to version 3.0
The main tasks and measures of the Pilot Free Trade Zone are to accelerate the transformation of government functions, expand the opening of the investment field, promote the transformation of trade development methods, deepen the opening and innovation of the financial field, and improve the institutional guarantees in the legal field. Since 2013, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have issued three plans for the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone.
1. Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone Construction Version 1.0
In September 2013, the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone was officially put into operation. The goal set in the "Overall Plan for China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone" (hereinafter referred to as "Overall Plan") is to strive to build a free trade experiment with international standards of investment and trade facilitation, free currency exchange, efficient and convenient supervision, and a standardized legal environment. District, to explore new ideas and new ways for my country to expand opening up and deepen reform, and better serve the whole country.
Starting from version 1.0, the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone has always firmly grasped the core of institutional innovation, with the main line of expanding opening-deepening reform-institutional innovation, and promoting construction from three paths:
First, following the reform logic of streamlining administration and delegating power, combining decentralization and management, and optimizing services, build a market access and interim and ex-post supervision system with clear powers and responsibilities, fairness and justice, transparency and efficiency, and take the lead in experimenting with government functions from focusing on prior approval to focusing on events. Supervise changes in post-interim events and promote the modernization of the governance system.
Second, take the initiative to connect with the high-standard rules of international trade and investment , and form a management system that is in line with international standards and adapts to the orderly and free flow of international and domestic factors in accordance with the task requirements of expanding the opening of the investment field, promoting the transformation of trade development methods, and deepening the opening and innovation of the financial sector. regulatory model.
Third, with the goal of improving legal protection and optimizing the legal environment , we will promote the construction of an international, market-oriented, and law-based business environment in accordance with the principle of coordination between the rules of conduct and the regulatory system.
The practice of version 1.0 of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone shows that the Pilot Free Trade Zone is a highland for institutional innovation, and institutional innovation must be replicated and promoted, exploring new ways for comprehensively deepening reform and expanding opening up. The "Overall Plan" clearly stipulates that the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone should evaluate the effect of the pilot implementation in a timely manner, form reform experience that can be replicated and promoted, and better play the positive role of demonstration and leadership and serving the whole country. On December 21, 2014, the State Council issued the "Notice on Promoting Reproducible Reform Pilot Experience in China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone", and the replicable reform pilot experience in Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone was promoted nationwide.
2. Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone Construction Version 2.0
On April 8, 2014, the State Council issued the "Plan for Further Deepening the Reform and Opening-up of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone". From the 1.0 version of the overall plan to the 2.0 version of the deepening reform plan, the implementation scope of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone has expanded from 28.78 square kilometers to 120.72 square kilometers , and the development goal has been upgraded from a free trade pilot zone with international standards to a free trade zone with the highest degree of openness . The tasks and measures have been upgraded from reform and opening-up innovation measures to innovative institutional systems .
From expanding opening up, deepening reform and innovation measures to innovative institutional systems, and upgrading to version 2.0, the construction of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone focuses on the core of institutional innovation, actively serves the national strategy, and has accumulated valuable resources for comprehensively deepening reform and promoting high-level opening up. This experience demonstrates the role of deepening reform and expanding the experimental field of opening up. On the basis of a comprehensive summary and evaluation, the Party Central Committee and the State Council made a unified deployment of replication and promotion. There are 28 reform items replicated and promoted across the country , involving investment management, trade facilitation, finance, service industry, interim and ex-post supervision; 6 reform items replicated and promoted in other special customs supervision areas across the country Items , including the customs supervision system for bonded futures delivery, the customs supervision system for financial leasing, and the pre-inspection of imported goods.
3. Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone Construction Version 3.0
On March 24, 2017, the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform reviewed and approved the "Plan for Comprehensively Deepening the Reform and Opening-up of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone". On March 31, 2017, the State Council issued the "Comprehensively Deepening the Reform and Opening-up Plan of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone", which determined the construction goal of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone: by 2020, it will take the lead in establishing international investment and trade rules. A cohesive institutional system will build the Pilot Free Trade Zone into an international high-standard free trade zone with free investment and trade, open and transparent rules, fair and efficient supervision, and a convenient business environment. The plan also proposes to set up a free trade port area in special customs supervision areas such as Yangshan Bonded Port Area and Shanghai Pudong Airport Comprehensive Bonded Area.
The construction of version 3.0 of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone has more distinctive "upgraded version" features: first, the integration of openness and innovation ; second, the systematic integration of policy supporting systems ; The fourth is to strengthen the linkage with the national strategy ; the fifth is to upgrade from investment and trade facilitation to investment and trade freedom , and take the lead in exploring the construction of a free trade port area.
2. Institutional Innovation System Integration in Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
Over the past ten years since the construction of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone, institutional innovations have been made in the aspects of government governance system, international investment management, trade liberalization and facilitation, financial sector opening and supervision, etc., and a basically mature and finalized system integration system has been established.
1. The government governance system and modern institutional innovation system are mainly composed of commercial registration system, reform and innovation of market access system, and in-process and ex-post supervision system innovation with the transformation of government functions as the core
The main content of the reform version 1.0 of the commercial registration system is the trial implementation of the subscription registration system for the registered capital of enterprises, the trial implementation of the registration system of "license first and certificate later", the introduction of a new version of business licenses, the implementation of corporate information disclosure regulations, the implementation of corporate annual reports and the recording of abnormal business names, etc. A number of system innovations have been made, and a "single window" work system for commercial registration with one-stop acceptance and comprehensive approval has begun to be established. Since March 1, 2014, the "Reform Plan for the Registered Capital Registration System" promulgated by the State Council has been officially implemented nationwide, marking the start of replication and promotion of the reform measures for the commercial registration system in the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone.
On the basis of the 1.0 version reform, the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone explored and tested the 2.0 version of the commercial registration system reform . The code registration system changed the pre-approval of industrial and commercial registration to post-approval. On October 13, 2015, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Strengthening In-process and Ex-post Supervision after the Reform of "Licensing First and Permits Later"", which comprehensively put forward the guiding ideology and basic principles for strengthening interim and ex-post supervision after the reform of "licensing before permits" With clear responsibilities, coordinated supervision, and social co-governance, a new mode of interim and ex-post supervision has been established.
