The prosperity of ecology means the prosperity of civilization. The free trade pilot zone, which undertakes the historical mission of high-quality introduction and high-level going out, should have a high level of ecological environment protection and provide an inexhaustible green impetus for high-quality development.
Recently, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment released typical cases of comprehensive planning and policies of the Free Trade Zone, hoping that these replicable and replicable institutional innovation and practical innovation results can be used for reference by relevant departments and local governments in their work.
This also proves once again that the ecological environment is the competitiveness and development foundation of the free trade zone. China's free trade zone needs to constantly strengthen the ecological environment protection work, and make green the most eye-catching "background" of the free trade zone development as soon as possible.
Third party supervision becomes a powerful hand in supervision
What should we do if the ecological environment department is "understaffed" and "big things and small things are done by ourselves"? Enterprise pollution source automatic monitoring facilities to solve the problem. How to ensure the monitoring effect of the automatic monitoring system for pollution sources with many monitoring points and large amount of data? The third party supervisor will help.
Among these typical cases published by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the mechanism of "third-party assistance in law enforcement" explored in Suzhou area of China (Jiangsu) Pilot Free Trade Zone is quite representative. Under this mechanism, a third-party supervision unit is introduced through government procurement to assist in the management of the automatic monitoring system of pollution sources.
It is understood that the third party supervisor conducts real-time inspection, problem screening, professional guidance and preliminary judgment on the automatic monitoring data release platform by means of "big data identification+manual judgment", and conducts classified management according to the nature and frequency of problems after finding abnormal emission data of pollution sources. In terms of specific practices, in case of abnormal pollution discharge, the enterprise shall be notified to self inspect the causes of the abnormal discharge, the supervisor shall make preliminary analysis, and then make a targeted decision to simplify treatment or focus on inspection. The linkage between on-site inspection and data platform inspection effectively reduces the frequency of on-site inspection of law enforcement.
The ecological environment law enforcement department of Suzhou Industrial Park also relies on the third-party supervision to divide the automatic monitoring enterprises of pollution sources in the region into "green simplified supervision", "yellow general supervision" and "red key supervision", promoting the differentiated and hierarchical management of automatic monitoring.
Nowadays, the third-party supervision has become a powerful hand for the ecological environment department to carry out environmental supervision. In 2021, with the assistance of the third party supervision, Suzhou District found abnormal data in the management of the automatic monitoring system of pollution sources and inquired about it for nearly 2000 times. After remote communication and manual judgment, only about 10% of the enterprises were inspected on the spot, and 290 enterprises were found to have non-standard behaviors, providing 8 clues related to illegal behaviors. Among them, 1 case was filed by environmental law enforcement for failing to ensure the normal operation of monitoring equipment, 1 case was filed for punishment for exceeding the standard of wastewater, and another one is under investigation. According to statistics, an average of two on-site inspections can find a problem, greatly improving the efficiency of law enforcement.
For the problems found, the third party supervisor carried out rectification tracking and provided technical guidance for the enterprise. This gives enterprises both the responsibility pressure of self-regulation and the motivation of self-management with the support of technical guidance.
The results of differentiated management are also gradually emerging. In 2021, a total of 496 on-site inspections were conducted for 108 red management level enterprises (with greater risks), and 94 problems were found; 116 factories were inspected for yellow management level enterprises (with general risks), and 93 problems were found; For green management level enterprises (with low risk), 225 plants were inspected and 103 problems were found.
Strengthening environmental management in the Free Trade Zone is the direction
Such innovations can be found everywhere in the Free Trade Zone.
Haidian Cluster in the Science and Technology Innovation Area of China (Beijing) Pilot Free Trade Zone implemented the positive list of ecological environment supervision and law enforcement, improved the efficiency of off-site inspection by using advanced technology, explored an effective new mode of differentiated supervision and refined service, and achieved a win-win effect of "reducing government supervision costs, improving supervision and law enforcement efficiency" and "reducing enterprise system costs, improving fine management level".
Shanghai Lingang New Area is the first to create a new system of "two evaluations and one certificate" for environmental impact assessment, water and soil conservation and pollution discharge permit nationwide: the environmental impact assessment document and water and soil conservation plan can be prepared into one report by the same preparation unit; The construction unit can submit at one time through the platform of "One Network Office"; The time limit for comprehensive approval is reduced from more than 30 working days to 7 working days. The implementation of this new system further reduces the approval cost of the construction unit, saves the approval time, especially provides efficient solutions for urgent, heavy, large and difficult projects, so as to promote the rapid implementation of projects in the new port area, reflect the speed of the new area, and give full play to the system integration reform effect of centralized exercise of administrative powers in the new port area.
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The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment pointed out that the Free Trade Zone is the highest level open platform for coordinating the coastal, riverside, border and inland opening in China, and bears an important responsibility in implementing the new development concept and building a new development pattern.
"High level protection of the ecological environment is an important connotation and necessary condition for the high-quality development of the Free Trade Zone. only by achieving high level protection of the ecological environment can we truly achieve high-quality development." Secretary of the Party Committee and Vice President of the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Jun Jun, said.
It is also an international consensus to strengthen the ecological environment management of the Free Trade Zone. "At present, the free trade zones, free trade parks and special economic zones are showing a trend of strengthening environmental management and promoting mutual support between environment and trade." Zhang Bin, senior engineer of the Environmental and Economic Policy Research Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, introduced that most international free trade zones have ecological environment requirements. According to statistics, 85% of the signed and effective free trade zones have environmental provisions, among which 30 free trade agreements also have independent environmental chapters.
Create a pilot area for ecological civilization system construction
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Free Trade Zone has continuously deepened reform, simplified administration and delegated power in the field of ecological environment, strengthened ecological environment protection, and formed a number of innovative achievements.
For example, the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment has issued Several Opinions on Environmental Management to Support the High Quality Development of the New Lingang Area of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. Zhejiang Pilot Free Trade Zone carried out the environmental impact assessment of the new zone planning, and insisted on integrating the requirements of ecological environment protection into the plans for economic and social development.
In terms of focus, Dong Zhanfeng, a researcher from the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, summarized the following aspects: the Free Trade Zone attaches importance to solving environmental problems from the root of accelerating green development transformation, such as giving play to the guiding role of "three lines and one order" in regional development, and strictly managing the environment of key regions and industries; Continuously and deeply promote the improvement of ecological environment quality, such as strengthening the emission reduction of air pollution sources, reducing the use of water-based coatings, low toxic and low volatile organic solvents, carrying out coal combustion pollution treatment, and accurately controlling dust pollution; The ecological environment management work is mainly focused on "releasing management and service", such as deepening environmental assessment approval, streamlining administration and delegating power, simplifying and exempting environmental assessment procedures, implementing the environmental assessment notification and commitment system, and introducing the environmental assessment approval mode of regional planning environmental assessment and differentiated list classification management; We will continue to explore the ecological environment management system and mechanism, such as strengthening the ecological environment supervision team and capacity building, and implementing specialized and socialized third-party trusteeship services for environmental pollution control.
"These efforts have achieved remarkable results, but the Free Trade Zone still faces multiple challenges in terms of regional layout, economic structure and energy structure. The capacity and level of ecological environment governance need to be further improved, and international cooperation in ecological environment still has more room." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment pointed out that.
It is also against this background that, in order to strengthen the ecological environment protection of the Free Trade Zone, efforts should be made to make the Free Trade Zone a model for promoting high-quality economic development and high-level ecological environment protection. In June 2021, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Commerce, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development, the People's Bank of China, the General Administration of Customs, the Energy Administration The eight departments of the Forestry and Grassland Administration jointly formulated and issued the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Ecological Environment Protection in the Pilot Free Trade Zone and Promoting High quality Development (hereinafter referred to as the Guiding Opinions).
In order to promote the innovation of the ecological environment system in the Free Trade Zone, the Guiding Opinions specifies three key tasks: first, to promote the reform and innovation of the ecological environment management system; Second, promote and improve the compensation mechanism for ecological protection of remote development; Third, we will promote the establishment of an all field, all factor smart environmental protection and decision-making support platform, and support the demonstration of green technology innovation, transfer and transformation.
In the more than a year since the issuance of the Guiding Opinions, the results have been obvious. For future development, Dong Zhanfeng suggested that the Free Trade Zone should build a pilot area for ecological civilization system construction. We will continue to deepen the reform of environmental assessment approval, further empower the superior ecological environment department, and delegate the approval authority of construction projects in the Free Trade Zone. For regions with concentrated industries, consider using regional EIA instead of project EIA. Encourage the construction of ecological and environmental protection management institutions in the Free Trade Zone according to needs.
The Army proposed to strengthen tracking and evaluation. "One of the goals of the construction of the Free Trade Zone is to carry out a greater degree of opening 'stress test', first try, reform and innovation, and explore new paths and accumulate new experience for comprehensively deepening reform and expanding opening."
